Orientalism by Edward Said

Orientalism by Edward Said

    Orientalism means  the knowledge and study of Asian, especially Eastern languages, literature, politics, etc...

Orient is called to that country where western countries made colonies.

An Orientalist is someone who studies the language, culture, history or customs of countries in eastern Asia.

      Orientalism book is written by Edward Said in the year 1978. He has tried to give his view about the difference between eastern and western countries. Western counties think that they are civilized people in the world and they are developed and superior to eastern countries.  They were thinking that people of eastern countries are uncivilized we will teach them how to live life and they started to do rule over society and made colonies. Actually, they were doing forcefully

1) The scope of Orientalism

2) Orientalist structures and restructures

3) Orientalism now

    They always are shown to the world that we are teaching them and trying to make civilization but they not shown that behind the act they loot a lot of precious items and all.

    In the introduction, we find miss-representation of Arab. This representation through he got inspired to write real history. When we just hear the word Arabs we first think that they are terrorists. He has given the example of the Arab-Israeli war of 1973 and he has tried to prove his point. In the world, they spread the image of Arab countries as a creator and savior of terrorists.  

Issue of Palestine

    Palestinian are suffering in the present time also a lot from 1948. They are fighting for the peace and their homeland but Western countries do not take any kind of action on this issue.

Film and Media

    Arab countries giving terrorist to the world this is the representation in the film and in media, they show with negative images.

Who given support to them?

They have given support to them to start these types of activities but they will never accept this answer. Arabians are also giving reply with weapons that’s way situation become more terrible now.

    Western countries through Railway Postal Service and Technology increased but somewhere somehow they used people of eastern more for self. If they are on the top then also they have not right to say negatively view of Eastern countries. Because everyone has something good and bad but no one has to see just bad things and negativity, we have to describe both sides.

Thinking Activity on T.S. Eliot's Essay 'Tradition and Individual talent'

Thomas Stearns Eliot

Biography

Thomas Stearns Eliot

Born: September 26, 1888 in Missouri

            Essayist, publisher,  playwright,                literary and social critic

Father: Henry Ware Eliot,

               (the president of the Hydraulic                 Brick Company)

Mother: Charlotte Champe Stearns,

               (volunteer at the Humanity                        Club of St. Louis., teacher)

Q2- What do you understand by Historical sense?

          If we know about figures and facts of history we can understand the time in which people are living and their ways of living, we can compare literary things which are changed, which is better, which is not, many things we can develop with historical sense.

There is quote from his essay on historical sense

"The historical sense involves a perception, not only of the pastness of the past, but of its presence"

          It gives a sense of writing timeless and temporal to the writer. Timelessness in the sense that work of art doesn't have its past and present. Temporal means it still exist or present in modern times.

Q3- What is the relationship between Tradition and Individual talent?

          Tradition and Individual talent both helps each other. All new writer does not have their own style, first they read and try to write related to reading. Some new writer have individual talent, they read but they gives new turn to his writing with tradition. Tradition and Individual talent are similar or closely related to each other.

Q4- Explain: " some can absorb knowledge, the more tardy must sweat for it. Shakespeare acuired more essential history from Plutarch than most men could from the whole museum"

          Eliot talks about the greatness of Shakespeare and his historical sense, he was not university scholar but he was scholar, in a sense of writing. There are lots of people who are reading many books but still they can't develop writing skill with sense.

Q5- Explain: " Honest criticism and sensitive appreciation is directed not upon poet but upon the poetry"

          Eliot wants to say that critic must have to criticize or appreciate the poetry not poet. Sometime critic criticize or appreciate literary work by author's name so it is not good to became good critic or reader also.

Q6- How would you like to explain Eliot's theory of Depersonalization?

          Poet have to separate his personal emotions from his poetry.  He gave example of sulphuric acid , to describe creative process he used as a example chemical reaction of to form sulphuric acid (H2So4). He talked about the formation of sulphuric acid to create this acid it needs sulfurtrioxide(So3), Water(H2o) in which most important thing is the entire process will not take place without a catalyst, Without Platinum it was impossible to complete this reaction or formation of Sulfuric acid. When Sulfuric acid made, we find no presence of platinum in it. Same as the poet’s own self is necessary to create work but it should not reflect in work.

Q7- Explain: " Poetry is not a turning loose of emotion, but an escape from emotion; it is not the expression of personality, but an escape from personality"

          Eliot again talk about the depersonalization. He says that  whenever poet create anything, own self should not reflect in their creative work. Poet should learn to be detach when they create anything. He has to escape from his personality and create something new, which is impersonal or different from his personality.

Q8- Write two points on which one can write Critique on T.S Eliot as a critic.

1) His idea of Depersonalization:

the man who suffers and the mind which creates are different.

2) His theory of Historical sense:

The historical sense involves a perception, not only of the pastness of the past, but of its presence.

Thinking activity: Sense of an Ending

“Sense of an Ending”

Julian Barnes was born in Leicester, England on January 19, 1946. He was educated at the City of London School from 1957 to 1964 and at Magdalen College, Oxford, from which he graduated in modern languages (with honors) in 1968. After graduation, he worked as a lexicographer for the Oxford English Dictionary supplement for three years. In 1977, Barnes began working as a reviewer and literary editor for the New Statesman and the New Review. From 1979 to 1986 he worked as a television critic, first for the New Statesman and then for the Observer.

Barnes has received several awards and honours for his writing, including the 2011 Man Booker Prize for The Sense of an Ending.

His most recent book The Man in the Red Coat was published in the UK in 2019 and in the US in 2020.

“Sense of an Ending”

The story of a man coming to terms with the mutable past, Julian Barnes's new novel is laced with his trademark precision, dexterity, and insight. It is the work of one of the world's most distinguished writers.

To know more about the task please click here...

1)     The Title – ‘The Sense of an Ending’.


         The title of Julian Barne’s “The Sense of an Ending” is borrowed from the famous book written by Frank Kermode known as “The Sense of an Ending: theory of fiction”. In this, he stated that the aim of the book is to make a sense of the ways we try to make sense of our lives. In any text, title has a great influence on people’s minds, in Julian Barne’s novel we can see that as the title suggests the novel is also about the death of two lives Robson and Adrian. In the novel story was narrated by Tony Webster who is also old and at the end of his life. He is at the ending of the journey and by recounting his school days he unfolded the entire story. At the end of the story also we can not come to a clear conclusion of all events, Julian Barne’s did not reveal anything about it and he left on the reader to decide what had happened at the end. Thus the title of the novel plays an important role in the novel and the use of the word ‘ending’ is very significant.


2)     "History is that certainty produced at the point where the imperfections of memory meet the inadequacies of documentation." How far can you agree with this definition of Adrian? Justify your answer with reference to your reading of ‘The Sense of an Ending’.


       In the novel, there are many definitions about what is history but there is not any final conclusion about history. From all those, I found this definition by Adrian is more relevant. History is that which makes you aware of what happened in the past and gives you some lessons from it. History is always written by living people. Adrian says, “History is that certainty produced at the point where the imperfections of memory meet the inadequacies of documentation." History comes out when imperfect memory is documented in any way and latter on surviving. If anyone is writing about something, we can’t say that whatever he/she written is as exact as what happened and they witnessed. It may happen that they involve their own perspectives while documenting anything. And the same thing happens with memory. As we discussed that memory is something which has been told to us by people around us we can never know what is right and wrong. But no doubt history is important to know something and it plays an important role in shaping the current culture. Thus, I am agreed with what Adrian said about history.



3)     What is the meaning of the phrase ‘Blood Money’ in Veronica’s reply email? 

       The phrase ‘Blood Money’ has a negative meaning, in the novel, Veronica addressed Tony as Blood Money. This phrase may have different meanings in the novel. Tony was rejected Veronica but he didn’t tolerate her relationship with Adrian and wrote him a letter, that could be done huge damage to their life and leaded Adrian to commit suicide. The relation between Adrian and Sarah Ford was started because of the letter written by Tony Webster. And as a result of their relation Sarah at a very old age gave birth to the mentally retarded baby known as junior Adrian. After that Adrian committed suicide and Veronica spent her life in taking care of her mentally challenged brother. Thus we can say that Tony was indirectly responsible for the entire situation and Adrian has to pay off his life for it while Veronica has spent her life and tolerated criticism from society in taking care of her brother Adrian. And the biggest damage happens to young Adrian who has to suffer. It can be said that these are the reasons why Veronica called Tony as Blood Money.

4)     How do you decipher the equation: b = s – v x/+ a1  or  a2 + v + a1 X s = b?


b = s – v x/+ a1  

Significance of alphabetical symbols:

V = Veronica 

a1 = Adrian

s = Sarah Ford

b = baby

          In this equation we feel that it may give confirmation that baby is the result of Sarah Ford and Adrian's relationship. Use of - between s and v suggests that when Veronica was absent Sarah {×/+ (addition, multiply) } become intimated with Adrian and became pregnant and baby is the result of Adrean and Sarah's relationship. Baby is not the result of the relationship between Veronica and Adrian.

a2 + v + a1 X s = b?

Significance of alphabetical symbols:

a2 = Antony Webster

V = Veronica 

a1 = Adrian

s = Sarah Ford

b = baby 

In this equation, mathematical signs have special meaning. Sign of + may suggest that Antony Webster, Veronica and Adrian are good friends. But the sign of × (multiply) between a1 and s suggests that Adrean and Sarah Ford have sexual relations and which turned = (equal) into a baby. Baby is the result of Sarah Ford and Adrian's sexual relationship.

5)     Adrian’s diary is willed to Tony by Sarah Ford. Why did Sarah Ford own it? Why was it in the possession of Veronica?

          It can be said that Sarah Ford owned the diary because she had an affair with Adrian and they both were happy together. After receiving a letter from Tony Webster perhaps it was the letter’s influence and he started to move towards Sarah rather than to be close to Veronica-his lover. Before the Adrian committed suicide he lived with Sarah and this was the reason why he gave that diary to Sarah and suggested her to give it to Tony Webster. Until her death, she possessed the diary and she wanted to hand over it to Tony but Veronica might be denied for it. Because she was the only one who knew that young Adrian was suffered because of the mistakes done by Tony and later on by Sarah and Adrian. Because of these reasons Veronica kept a diary to herself and denied to give it to Tony but she also gave some clues to him so that he could understand the situation. 


Reference:

http://julianbarnes.com/bio/index.html
http://www.julianbarnes.com/books/sense.html

Powerfull Tools for Teaching and Learning: Web 2.0

Powerfull Tools for Teaching and Learning: Web 2.0

This course provides a information about to use technology in teaching. In the first three week we can learn about variety of Web 2.0 related to communication, collaboration, and creativity. After learning these in week 4 and 5, it teaches that how we can develope a personal learning plan. This course is helpful to anyone who wants to use different technologic  tools in their classroom 

Web 2.0

Web 1.0 - World Wide Web in its earliest stages of evolution and known as read only web.

Web 2.0 - new generation of web-based tools and known as read write web

Web 2.0 tools allows anyone to upload their content to the web by using internet. Blogs, podcast and wiki's are examples of web template of content creations tools. On this without any charges we can upload our own material or content and anyone can see it by access it. Blogger is also known as famous web templet, after coming in department I am also using blogger for thinking activity and sometimes to publish my own ideas and stories. If we write anything in our personal diary that remain only personal but if we publish it on blogger or any other platform almost everyone come to know about it. Blogger also allows user to add images, vidoes and audio on blogs for free. By using it we can also make our blogs intresting.  Wikipedia is a website which is helpful to everyone that allows people to collabarate with others to create a content. There are thousand of wikies that focus on various things such as traveling, learning , creativity. 

Use of social site such as Youtube and Facebook can also help in learning process. I am also used to watch many vidoes on youtube that helps for understand anything which I find difficult. Beacuse in comparisjon to only reading by visualization we can understand it easily. Here we can also share content with many others. There are many tools available for learning it depends on an individual evaluate tools in learning and in solving problems.

I'll update it

Group task: One night @ the call center

      

One night @ the call center. from Dhaval Diyora

How literature shaped me?

To Read Minkal's view Click here

To Read Nasim's view Click here

To Read Richa's view Click here

To Read Mansi's view Click here

To Read Alisha's view Click here

To Read Dhaval's view Click here

Slideshare Links

For Group Presentation
Click here

Introduction by Nasim

Plot by Richa

Themes & symbols by Mansi

Various interpretations, issues, and Bibliography records  by Minkal 

Quiz

1) Chetan Bhagat’s “One Night @ the Call Centre” was first published in which year?

(A)   October,2005

(B)   June,2005

(C)   November,2005

(D)   January’2005

2) Who is the narrator in ON@TCC?

 (A) Varun Malhotra

(B) Esha Singh

(C) Shyam Mehra

(D) Radhika Jha

(3) ON@TCC opens in a very dramatic way on over the journey in the winter from _to_.

(A)   Mubai to Delhi

(B)   Kanpur to Delhi

(C)   Delhi to Kanpur

(D)   Delhi to Mumbai

(4) Chetan Bhagat’s ON@TCC is a portrayal of young India and their problems in the rapid developing era,   in order to justify the central focus of the novel; it deals with various themes. Can you identify it?

(A) Cognizance

(B) Human relations, Love, Sex and Marriage

(C)Deux ex Machina

(D) Modernization

(E) Globalization

(F) All of the above

5) While reading the novel, we came across the surname of Priyanka; from the following which can be called as Priyanka’s surname?

(A) Sinha

(B) Mehra

(C) Singh

(D) Malhotra

6) ONE@TCC is also categorized as a self-help book; in the starting of the novel, it asks to fill up the worksheet.  Find out the things which are mentioned in the worksheet.

(A) One thing you fear

(B) One thing that makes you angry

(C) One thing you don’t like about yourself

(D) A and B are correct

(E) All of the above

7) The ON@TCC is revolved around six call center employees, in their bay, they deal with customers of home appliances. The name of their bay is “Western Appliance Strategic Group” or “WASG”.

(A) True

(B) False

8)  The novel deals with Manippean satire and presents  the dark humor of society, in the novel we have a rebellious character who satirized on politicians and  wrote an article names as “Why don’t politician ever commit suicide?” Identify the name of the character.

(A) Varun Malhotra/ Vroom, Victor Mell

(B) Shyam Malhotra/ Sam Marcy

(C) Radhika/Regina Jones

(D) Esha Sing/ Eliza Singer

9) “Hello” is a movie based on Chetan Bhagat’s ONE@TCC and it was directed by Atul Agnihotri. Is it right or wrong?

(A) Right

(B) Wrong

10) At the end of the novel who started a web designing company?

 (A) Shyam and Priyanka

(B) Varun and Priyanka

(C) Esha and Varun

(D) Shyam and Varun

11) At the end of the novel Radhika applied for the legal course for divorce, Esha started to work for NGO charity while Military Uncle joined his son and grandson.

(A) True

(B) False

Short Questions

1) Analyze the theme of Deux Ex Macina in ON@TCC.

2) How far ON@TCC is it categorized as popular literature?

3) Write a brief note on the theme of Globalization and

     Modernization in Chetan Bhagat’s ONE@TCC.

4) Write your views on a character study of Shyam Mehra.

5) How far the novel deals with the notion of nationalism?

     Write your brief understanding about it.

Long Questions

1)  The novel is also known as the ‘Self-help’ book. Illustrate it with

      reference to the worksheet given in the beginning of the novel.

2) Illustrate your ideas on the characterization in the ON@TCC  

     by Chetan Bhagat.

3) How far you agree that Chetan Bhagat supports the

     women empowerment in the novel?